Frankliniella fusca (Hinds)

Tobacco thrips

Distribution

Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), the tobacco thrips, occurs throughout the United States, but is especially common in grasslands and in peanut growing areas.

Description (click here for drawing)

The female tobacco thrips is dark brown with no other markings. Males and females that have recently emerged from pupae are a paler brown or gray color.

The antennae have eight segments. The apex of antennal segment II and the pedicel of segment III are both simple. The postocular setae are minute.

The anteroangular and anteromarginal setae are well developed, with the anteromarginal shorter than the anteroangular. Winged and wingless (brachypterous) forms occur. Brachypterous forms are most common in the overwintering population of adults.

The comb on abdominal segment VIII is absent.

Host range

The tobacco thrips infests a wide range of host plants including peanuts, beans, tomatoes, peppers, tobacco and cotton (Frantz & Mellinger 1990, Palmer, et al. 1989, Stannard 1968).

Economic Importance and Management Specifics

Tobacco thrips are efficient vectors of tomato spotted wilt virus (Sakimura 1963, Paliwal 1973, 1976) (tomato, peanut). They overwinter in the root zones of volunteer peanuts, and potentially can re-introduce the disease each spring. In peanut growing areas, migrations from infected volunteers early in the spring may introduce TSWV into nearby vegetable crops. In established peanut crops, tobacco thrips may migrate in large numbers during drought stress conditions, thus providing a greater threat of disease spread (Chamberlin, et al. 1992, 1993; Salguero Navas, et al. 1991, Tappan 1986).

Management practices specific to tobacco thrips in vegetable crops involve close examination of foliage and blooms during early spring, and during hot, dry summer weather. While spraying will not prevent the primary inoculation of vegetable crops with TSWV, insecticide applications can limit secondary spread by significantly reducing the thrips' reproduction. Avoid planting vegetables in the previous season's peanut fields, as peanut volunteers form a ready source of inoculum.

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